NHL - Standings, Schedule, Scores and Player Stats

import json, re, time, urllib.parse
from urllib.parse import urlparse
 
PAGE = "https://www.nhl.com/standings"          # robots-allowed page; its own app calls api-web.nhle.com
API = "https://api-web.nhle.com/v1/"
SEARCH = "https://search.d3.nhle.com/api/v1/search/player"
PAUSE = 0.5                                     # seconds between calls; serial only
HOSTS = ("www.nhl.com", "api-web.nhle.com", "search.d3.nhle.com")
 
# robots.txt, group "User-agent: *", Google-style wildcards: longest match wins, Allow wins a tie.
# Python urllib got 403 from www.nhl.com/robots.txt and api-web data paths (2026-11-04), so robots.txt is read in the tab.
def _parse_robots(txt):
    rules, in_star, prev_ua = [], False, False
    for line in txt.splitlines():
        line = line.split("#", 1)[0].strip()
        if ":" not in line:
            continue
        k, v = (x.strip() for x in line.split(":", 1))
        k = k.lower()
        if k == "user-agent":
            in_star = (in_star and prev_ua) or v == "*"
            prev_ua = True
            continue
        prev_ua = False
        if in_star and k in ("allow", "disallow") and v:
            rules.append((k == "allow", v))
    return rules
 
RULES = {}
 
def robots_allowed(url):
    u = urlparse(url)
    if u.hostname not in RULES:
        return False
    path = u.path + ("?" + u.query if u.query else "")
    best_len, ok = -1, True
    for allow, pat in RULES[u.hostname]:
        rx = re.escape(pat.rstrip("$")).replace(r"\*", ".*") + ("$" if pat.endswith("$") else "")
        if re.match(rx, path) and (len(pat) > best_len or (len(pat) == best_len and allow)):
            best_len, ok = len(pat), allow
    return ok
 
def _read_robots(host):
    goto_url(f"https://{host}/robots.txt")
    wait_for_load()
    txt = js("document.body ? document.body.innerText : ''") or ""
    if "user-agent" not in txt.lower():
        raise RuntimeError(f"no robots.txt at {host} ({page_info()['title']!r}); a challenge? Stop here.")
    RULES[host] = _parse_robots(txt)
 
def open_nhl_tab():
    """Reads the three robots.txt files, then opens one logged-out www.nhl.com page.
    The APIs answer CORS for that origin, so every fetch() runs from this tab. Returns the tab id."""
    tab = new_tab()
    for host in HOSTS:
        _read_robots(host)
    if not robots_allowed(PAGE):
        raise PermissionError(f"robots.txt disallows {PAGE}")
    goto_url(PAGE)
    wait_for_load()
    if js("location.origin") != "https://www.nhl.com":
        raise RuntimeError(f"landed on {page_info()['url']}; a block or challenge? Stop here.")
    return tab
 
FETCH_JS = """(async () => {
  try {
    const r = await fetch(%s, {credentials: 'omit'});
    return {status: r.status, url: r.url, text: await r.text(), retry_after: r.headers.get('retry-after')};
  } catch (e) { return {status: 0, error: String(e)}; }
})()"""
 
def get(url, tries=4):
    """Serial GET from the nhl.com tab. Returns parsed JSON, or None on 404.
    Retries 429/5xx with backoff, then raises; a failed call never looks like an empty result."""
    if not robots_allowed(url):
        raise PermissionError(f"robots.txt disallows {url}")
    for attempt in range(tries):
        r = js(FETCH_JS % json.dumps(url))
        st = r["status"]
        if st in (200, 404):
            if not robots_allowed(r["url"]):
                raise PermissionError(f"{url} redirected to disallowed {r['url']}")
            time.sleep(PAUSE)
            return json.loads(r["text"]) if st == 200 else None
        if st not in (0, 429, 500, 502, 503, 504) or attempt == tries - 1:
            raise RuntimeError(f"{url}: HTTP {st} {r.get('error', '')}; stopping, do not retry around it")
        ra = r.get("retry_after") or ""
        time.sleep(min(int(ra) if ra.isdigit() else 5 * 2 ** attempt, 60))
 
def _n(x):  # {"default": "Oilers", "fr": ...} -> "Oilers"
    return x.get("default") if isinstance(x, dict) else x
 
def standings(date="now"):
    """Rows in league order. date = 'now' or 'YYYY-MM-DD' (standings as of that day)."""
    d = get(API + f"standings/{date}")
    return [{
        "team": _n(s["teamAbbrev"]), "name": _n(s["teamName"]),
        "conf": s["conferenceName"], "div": s["divisionName"],
        "league_rank": s["leagueSequence"], "conf_rank": s["conferenceSequence"], "div_rank": s["divisionSequence"],
        "wildcard_rank": s["wildcardSequence"],
        "gp": s["gamesPlayed"], "w": s["wins"], "l": s["losses"], "otl": s["otLosses"], "pts": s["points"],
        "p_pct": round(s["pointPctg"], 3), "rw": s["regulationWins"], "row": s["regulationPlusOtWins"],
        "gf": s["goalFor"], "ga": s["goalAgainst"], "diff": s["goalDifferential"],
        "l10": f'{s["l10Wins"]}-{s["l10Losses"]}-{s["l10OtLosses"]}', "streak": f'{s["streakCode"]}{s["streakCount"]}',
        "clinch": s.get("clinchIndicator"),
    } for s in sorted(d["standings"], key=lambda s: s["leagueSequence"])]
 
def _game(g, date=None):
    a, h = g["awayTeam"], g["homeTeam"]
    out = g.get("gameOutcome") or {}
    return {
        "id": g["id"], "date": date or g.get("gameDate"), "start_utc": g["startTimeUTC"],
        "state": g["gameState"],                      # FUT/PRE not started, LIVE/CRIT in progress, FINAL/OFF over
        "away": a["abbrev"], "away_score": a.get("score"), "home": h["abbrev"], "home_score": h.get("score"),
        "ended_in": out.get("lastPeriodType"),        # REG | OT | SO
        "venue": _n(g.get("venue")), "type": {1: "pre", 2: "reg", 3: "playoff"}.get(g["gameType"], g["gameType"]),
        "url": "https://www.nhl.com" + g["gameCenterLink"] if g.get("gameCenterLink") else None,
    }
 
def league_week(date="now"):
    """7 days of league games starting at date ('now' = today, US Eastern)."""
    d = get(API + f"schedule/{date}")
    return {w["date"]: [_game(g, w["date"]) for g in w["games"]] for w in d["gameWeek"]}
 
def scores(date="now"):
    """One day's games with live or final scores, plus the API's own prev/next game days."""
    d = get(API + f"score/{date}")
    return {"date": d["currentDate"], "prev": d.get("prevDate"), "next": d.get("nextDate"),
            "games": [_game(g) for g in d["games"]]}
 
def team_month(team, month="now"):
    """A club's games for a month ('now' or 'YYYY-MM'), past ones with scores."""
    d = get(API + f"club-schedule/{team.upper()}/month/{month}")
    if d is None:
        raise ValueError(f"unknown team {team!r}")
    return [_game(g) for g in d["games"]]
 
def find_player(name, active=None, limit=20):
    """nhl.com's own player search (active=True/False filters, None = all). Its order is not by relevance
    ("mcdavid" lists Brian before Connor), so rank: exact name, then every word matched, then active first."""
    params = {"culture": "en-us", "limit": limit, "q": name}
    if active is not None:
        params["active"] = str(active).lower()
    words = name.lower().split()
    hits = [{"id": int(p["playerId"]), "name": p["name"], "pos": p["positionCode"], "active": p.get("active"),
             "team": p.get("teamAbbrev") or p.get("lastTeamAbbrev"), "number": p.get("sweaterNumber")}
            for p in get(f"{SEARCH}?{urllib.parse.urlencode(params)}")]
    return sorted(hits, key=lambda h: (h["name"].lower() != name.lower(),
                                       not all(w in h["name"].lower() for w in words), not h["active"]))
 
def player(pid):
    """Bio, current regular season, career totals and last 5 games. Skater or goalie."""
    p = get(API + f"player/{pid}/landing")
    if p is None:
        return None
    fs = (p.get("featuredStats") or {}).get("regularSeason") or {}
    return {
        "id": p["playerId"], "name": f'{_n(p["firstName"])} {_n(p["lastName"])}', "pos": p["position"],
        "team": p.get("currentTeamAbbrev"), "number": p.get("sweaterNumber"), "born": p.get("birthDate"),
        "country": p.get("birthCountry"), "shoots": p.get("shootsCatches"),
        "season": (p.get("featuredStats") or {}).get("season"), "this_season": fs.get("subSeason"),
        "career_regular": (p.get("careerTotals") or {}).get("regularSeason"),
        "last5": p.get("last5Games") or [],
        "url": f'https://www.nhl.com/player/{p["playerSlug"]}' if p.get("playerSlug") else None,
    }
 
def leaders(category="points", goalie=False, limit=5):
    """Current-season leaders. Skater: points goals assists plusMinus goalsPp goalsSh penaltyMins toi faceoffLeaders.
    Goalie: wins savePctg goalsAgainstAverage shutouts."""
    kind = "goalie" if goalie else "skater"
    d = get(API + f"{kind}-stats-leaders/current?categories={category}&limit={limit}")
    return [(f'{_n(x["firstName"])} {_n(x["lastName"])}', x["teamAbbrev"], x["value"]) for x in d[category]]
 
def line(g):
    sc = lambda s: "" if s is None else f" {s}"
    tail = f' ({g["ended_in"]})' if g["ended_in"] in ("OT", "SO") else ""
    return f'{g["away"]}{sc(g["away_score"])} @ {g["home"]}{sc(g["home_score"])} | {g["state"]}{tail} | {g["start_utc"]}'
 
tab = open_nhl_tab()
try:
    # 1. Standings: top 3 per division
    rows = standings()
    print("standings", len(rows), "teams")
    for div in ("Atlantic", "Metropolitan", "Central", "Pacific"):
        top = [r for r in rows if r["div"] == div][:3]
        print(" ", div, " | ".join(f'{r["team"]} {r["gp"]}gp {r["w"]}-{r["l"]}-{r["otl"]} {r["pts"]}pts L10 {r["l10"]} {r["streak"]}' for r in top))
 
    # 2. Scores: yesterday's finals (date from the API's own prevDate), then today's slate
    today = scores()
    last = scores(today["prev"])
    print("scores", last["date"], len(last["games"]), "games")
    for g in last["games"][:4]:
        print("  ", line(g))
    print("today", today["date"], len(today["games"]), "games;", [line(g) for g in today["games"][:2]])
 
    # 3. League schedule for the next 7 days, and one team's month
    wk = league_week()
    print("week", {d: len(gs) for d, gs in wk.items()})
    tor = team_month("TOR")
    print("TOR month", len(tor), "games; first:", line(tor[0]), "; last:", line(tor[-1]))
 
    # 4. Player lookup: search by name, then stats
    for name in ("McDavid", "Ullmark", "zzqx nobody"):
        hits = find_player(name)
        if not hits:
            print("no player", repr(name)); continue
        p = player(hits[0]["id"])
        print(p["name"], p["pos"], p["team"], f'#{p["number"]}', p["season"], p["this_season"])
        print("   career", {k: p["career_regular"].get(k) for k in ("gamesPlayed", "goals", "assists", "points", "wins", "savePctg") if k in p["career_regular"]})
        print("   last game", p["last5"][0] if p["last5"] else None, "|", p["url"])
 
    # 5. Leaders
    print("points", leaders("points"))
    print("save%", leaders("savePctg", goalie=True, limit=3))
    print("player 1 ->", player(1))
 
    # 6. Variants: standings as of a past day, a past month for one team, a retired player
    old = standings("2026-10-15")
    print("standings 2026-10-15 leader:", old[0]["team"], old[0]["gp"], "gp", old[0]["pts"], "pts")
    oct_ = team_month("EDM", "2026-10")
    print("EDM 2026-10", len(oct_), "games; last:", line(oct_[-1]))
    print("retired:", find_player("Wayne Gretzky", active=False)[:1])
    print("all players, 'mcdavid':", [(h["name"], h["active"]) for h in find_player("mcdavid")])
    try:
        team_month("XXX")
    except ValueError as e:
        print("bad team ->", e)
    print("robots /search on nhl.com allowed?", robots_allowed("https://www.nhl.com/search?q=mcdavid"))
finally:
    close_tab(tab)

standings 32 teams
  Atlantic BOS 16gp 11-4-1 23pts L10 7-2-1 W2 | MTL 15gp 9-3-3 21pts L10 7-1-2 OT1 | TBL 14gp 9-3-2 20pts L10 6-2-2 W1
  Metropolitan CAR 17gp 12-3-2 26pts L10 7-2-1 L1 | NJD 15gp 10-5-0 20pts L10 8-2-0 W2 | NYR 16gp 8-7-1 17pts L10 4-5-1 W1
  Central MIN 17gp 11-3-3 25pts L10 7-1-2 W2 | UTA 16gp 10-6-0 20pts L10 6-4-0 W1 | DAL 15gp 9-5-1 19pts L10 7-3-0 W2
  Pacific EDM 16gp 11-2-3 25pts L10 6-2-2 OT1 | VGK 17gp 10-5-2 22pts L10 5-3-2 W1 | SEA 14gp 8-5-1 17pts L10 6-3-1 L1
scores 2026-11-03 11 games
   UTA 3 @ TOR 2 | OFF | 2026-11-04T00:00:00Z
   WPG 5 @ MTL 4 | OFF (OT) | 2026-11-04T00:00:00Z
   DET 2 @ TBL 4 | OFF | 2026-11-04T00:00:00Z
   STL 1 @ NYR 3 | OFF | 2026-11-04T00:00:00Z
today 2026-11-04 4 games; ['OTT @ BUF | FUT | 2026-11-05T00:30:00Z', 'CHI @ FLA | FUT | 2026-11-05T00:30:00Z']
week {'2026-11-04': 4, '2026-11-05': 11, '2026-11-06': 3, '2026-11-07': 12, '2026-11-08': 6, '2026-11-09': 3, '2026-11-10': 7}
TOR month 13 games; first: UTA 3 @ TOR 2 | OFF | 2026-11-04T00:00:00Z ; last: PHI @ TOR | FUT | 2026-12-01T00:30:00Z
Connor McDavid C EDM #97 20262027 {'assists': 31, 'gameWinningGoals': 0, 'gamesPlayed': 16, 'goals': 9, 'otGoals': 0, 'pim': 2, 'plusMinus': 20, 'points': 40, 'powerPlayGoals': 0, 'powerPlayPoints': 16, 'shootingPctg': 0.209302, 'shorthandedGoals': 1, 'shorthandedPoints': 1, 'shots': 43}
   career {'gamesPlayed': 810, 'goals': 418, 'assists': 842, 'points': 1260}
   last game {'assists': 1, 'gameDate': '2026-11-03', 'gameId': 2026020239, 'gameTypeId': 2, 'goals': 0, 'homeRoadFlag': 'R', 'opponentAbbrev': 'NJD', 'pim': 0, 'plusMinus': 0, 'points': 1, 'powerPlayGoals': 0, 'shifts': 27, 'shorthandedGoals': 0, 'shots': 1, 'teamAbbrev': 'EDM', 'toi': '24:15'} | https://www.nhl.com/player/connor-mcdavid-8478402
Linus Ullmark G OTT #35 20262027 {'gamesPlayed': 8, 'goalsAgainstAvg': 1.333136, 'losses': 1, 'otLosses': 0, 'savePctg': 0.945055, 'shutouts': 0, 'wins': 7}
   career {'gamesPlayed': 348, 'goals': 1, 'assists': 6, 'wins': 198, 'savePctg': 0.914588}
   last game {'decision': 'W', 'gameDate': '2026-10-21', 'gameId': 2026020153, 'gameTypeId': 2, 'gamesStarted': 1, 'goalsAgainst': 1, 'homeRoadFlag': 'H', 'opponentAbbrev': 'FLA', 'penaltyMins': 0, 'savePctg': 0.944444, 'shotsAgainst': 18, 'teamAbbrev': 'OTT', 'toi': '43:35'} | https://www.nhl.com/player/linus-ullmark-8476999
no player 'zzqx nobody'
points [('Connor McDavid', 'EDM', 40), ('Leon Draisaitl', 'EDM', 29), ('Evan Bouchard', 'EDM', 28), ('Nathan MacKinnon', 'COL', 27), ('Kirill Kaprizov', 'MIN', 26)]
save% [('Linus Ullmark', 'OTT', 0.945055), ('Daniil Tarasov', 'DET', 0.926829), ('Igor Shesterkin', 'NYR', 0.926606)]
player 1 -> None
standings 2026-10-15 leader: VGK 9 gp 14 pts
EDM 2026-10 13 games; last: EDM 4 @ NYI 0 | OFF | 2026-10-31T18:00:00Z
retired: [{'id': 8447400, 'name': 'Wayne Gretzky', 'pos': 'C', 'active': False, 'team': 'NYR', 'number': 99}]
all players, 'mcdavid': [('Connor McDavid', True), ('Brian McDavid', False)]
bad team -> unknown team 'XXX'
robots /search on nhl.com allowed? False